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文旅部：文化和旅游行业8项疫情防控工作指南即日起废止******
中新网1月11日电 据文旅部网站消息，文化和旅游部办公厅11日发布关于落实新型冠状病毒感染“乙类乙管”做好文化和旅游行业疫情防控工作的通知(以下简称通知)。通知指出，自本通知印发之日起，文化和旅游行业8项疫情防控工作指南同时废止。
通知要求，准确把握“乙类乙管”总体方案精神。3年来，文化和旅游行业认真贯彻落实党中央、国务院决策部署，因时因势优化调整行业疫情防控政策，统筹疫情防控和行业恢复发展取得积极成果。
当前，随着病毒变异、疫情变化、疫苗接种普及和防控经验积累，我国新型冠状病毒感染疫情防控工作进入新阶段，面临新形势新任务。各地文化和旅游行政部门要进一步提高政治站位，坚持人民至上、生命至上，坚持科学防治、精准施策，坚持常态化防控和疫情严重期间应急处置相结合，平稳有序实施新型冠状病毒感染“乙类乙管”后的防控政策，统筹疫情防控和行业发展。
通知明确，认真落实“乙类乙管”总体方案要求。新冠病毒感染实施“乙类乙管”后，工作重心从“防感染”转到“保健康、防重症”，从风险地区和人员管控转到健康服务与管理。实施“乙类乙管”，不是放开不管，而是强调更加科学、精准、高效做好疫情防控，更好统筹疫情防控与经济社会发展。
各地文化和旅游行政部门要结合当地实际，制定实施“乙类乙管”后行业疫情防控措施和疫情严重时的防控措施，确保各项疫情防控要求落实到位，保障文化和旅游活动正常开展，人员有序流动。要指导公共文化单位、文化和旅游经营单位做好场所、活动的常态化疫情防控，科学佩戴口罩，做好清洁消毒和通风换气，降低病毒传播风险。疫情严重期间，可适时依法采取临时性的防控措施，及时应对、果断干预、科学处置。
通知指出，扎实做好宣传引导和人员健康管理。各地文化和旅游行政部门要加强对优化调整政策的解读，引导全行业客观认识我国防控政策措施优化调整的科学性和必要性，筑牢群防群控基础。充分发挥传统媒体和网站、微信、客户端等互联网平台的作用，全方位、多渠道开展新型冠状病毒感染防控知识宣传引导。
强调“每个人都是自己健康的第一责任人”，引导工作人员、参与文化和旅游活动人员自觉遵守防疫有关规定，坚持勤洗手、戴口罩等良好卫生习惯。开展工作人员培训，提高疫情防控意识和服务水平。提醒参与文化和旅游活动人员关注自身健康状况，做好个人防护。
通知称，切实加强组织领导。各地文化和旅游行政部门要强化责任担当，组织落实好“乙类乙管”各项疫情防控措施，科学精准做好疫情防控工作。要加强对公共文化单位、文化和旅游经营单位的指导，明确工作目标，细化工作要求。要开展督导检查，及时发现问题并督促整改，确保各项疫情防控措施落实到位。公共文化单位、文化和旅游经营单位要认真落实疫情防控主体责任，执行实施“乙类乙管”后行业疫情防控措施，推动各项工作有序开展。
通知还表示，自本通知印发之日起，文化和旅游行业8项疫情防控工作指南同时废止。
附：文化和旅游行业疫情防控工作指南废止目录
一、旅行社新冠肺炎疫情防控工作指南(第六版)
二、娱乐场所新冠肺炎疫情防控工作指南(第六版)
三、剧院等演出场所新冠肺炎疫情防控工作指南(第七版)
四、互联网上网服务营业场所新冠肺炎疫情防控工作指南(第六版)
五、剧本娱乐经营场所新冠肺炎疫情防控工作指南(第三版)
六、旅游景区疫情防控措施指南(2022年12月修订版)
七、公共图书馆、文化馆(站)疫情防控措施指南(2022年12月版)
八、社会艺术水平考级现场考级活动疫情防控措施指南(2022年11月修订版)
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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